Commands

mktemp -d : The command creates a new, unique, temporary directory with a random name.

cp ~/ . : Copies filename from your home directory (~) to the current directory (.).

xxd -r <oldfile.txt> <oldfile.bin> :Converts the hexdump (oldfile.txt) back into binary format using xxd. -r means reverse the hexdump. Output is saved to `oldfile.bin.

file : determines the type of content in the file (e.g., gzip, bzip2, tar, ASCII text). Very useful to know how to extract it.

gunzip file.gz : Decompresses a .gz (gzip) file. bzip2 -d <file.bz2> : Decompresses a .bz2 (bzip2) file. -d stands for decompress. tar -xf <file.tar> Extracts files from a .tar archive. -x = extract, -f = specify file.